However, it was a niche format, and was not particularly successful. 3D has been used in some form in film since 1915, but did not become widely seen until the 1950s. The 3D film is always included in the 4D experience. Other notable efforts at pushing the boundaries of the film viewing experience include Fantasound, the first use of stereo sound, Cinemiracle and Cinerama, both widescreen formats utilizing multiple projectors. Only a few films were presented in Sensurround, and it was supplanted by Dolby Stereo in 1977, which featured extended low frequencies, and made subwoofers a common addition to cinema. The precursors of the modern 4D film presentation include Smell-O-Vision, which was used only once, in 1960, and Sensurround, which debuted in 1974 with the film Earthquake. 2 List of 4D presentation systems for film theatres.As of June 2015, about 530 screens worldwide have installed some 4D technology. Notable historical formats for providing different aspects of a "fourth dimension" to films include Sensurround, and Smell-O-Vision. There are also mobile 4D theaters, which are mounted inside vehicles such as enclosed trailers, buses and trucks.ĤD films are distinct from four-dimensional space. The films Journey to the Center of the Earth (2008) and Avatar (2009) are among the films that have received a 4D treatment in certain theatres. However, some movie theatres have the ability to present 4D versions of wide-release 3D films. Auditorium effects may include smoke, rain, lightning, bubbles, and smell.īecause physical effects can be expensive to install, 4D films are most often presented in custom-built theatres at special venues such as theme parks, amusement parks and zoos. Other common chair effects include air jets, water sprays, and leg and back ticklers. Seats in 4D venues may vibrate or move a few centimeters during the presentations. Effects simulated in a 4D film may include rain, mist, bubbles, fog or smoke, wind, temperature changes, strobe lights, scent, vibration and motion. 4D film or 4-D film is a marketing term for an entertainment presentation system combining a 3D film with physical effects that occur in the theatre in synchronization with the film.
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